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Phylum
Arthropoda
Shrimps
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There are several easily recognized species in Hawaii in
addition to a number of rare or cryptic ones. Many are commensal in nature, removing
parasites from fishes or living upon a host organism.
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HAWAII
Stenopus hispidus
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 25 feet
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Makai Pier, Oahu, 10 feet |
Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 4 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 4 feet |
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 50 feet
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Carrying eggs, Makapu'u Tide Pool, Oahu, 2 feet |
YO-257 Wreck, Oahu, 95 feet
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BANDED CORAL SHRIMP
| Common as pairs under rocks and ledges.
Removes parasites from fishes. About 3 inches. |
Stenopus pyrsonotus
Mokapu Pinnacle, Oahu, 100 feet |
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FLAMEBACK CORAL SHRIMP
| Rare under ledges in deep water.
Removes parasites from fishes. About 4 inches. |
Urocaridella antonbruunii
Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, 4 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, 4 feet |
Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, 4 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, 4 feet |
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CLEAR CLEANER SHRIMP
| Uncommon in calm waters. About 1 inch long. |
Lysmata amboinensis
Makua, Oahu, 60 feet
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Wakatobi, Indonesia, 30 feet |
Puako, Hawaii
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SCARLET CLEANER SHRIMP
| Uncommon under ledges accompanying moray eels.
Removes parasites from fishes. About 3 inches. |
Lysmata sp.
Ft. Kamehameha, Oahu, 3 feet |
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| A rare species found with eels. About 1 inch. |
Hymenocerca picta
Sharks Cove, Oahu, 25 feet |
Sharks Cove, Oahu, 25 feet
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French Frigate Shoals
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Waikiki Aquarium |
Corsair, Oahu, 110 feet
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Corsair, Oahu, 110 feet |
Koko Craters, Oahu, 30 feet
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HARLEQUIN SHRIMP
| Rare due to collecting for aquariums. Feeds upon sea
stars and generally found in pair. About 2 inches. |
Stegopontonia commensalis
Pokai Bay, Oahu, 80 feet
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Pokai Bay, Oahu, 80 feet |
Midway Harbor, 10 feet |
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WHITE-STRIPE URCHIN SHRIMP
Tuleariocaris holthuisi
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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HOLTHUIS' URCHIN SHRIMP
| Rarely seen on the spines of large sea urchins. About 1/4 inch. |
Unidentified
Ft. Kamehameha, Oahu, 3 feet |
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BRISTLE WORM SHRIMP
| Lives on bristle worms in shallow water. About 1/4 inch. |
Gnathophyllium americanum
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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BUMBLEBEE SHRIMP
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Uncommon under rocks in shallow water. Often found as
pair. Feeds upon tube feet of echinoderms. About 1/2 inch.
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Exocliminella maldivensis
Firehouse, Oahu, 25 feet |
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| Uncommon in rubble. About 1 inch long. Hawaii & the
Indo-Pacific. |
Kemponia sp.
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Makaha, Oahu, 30 feet
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Makaha, Oahu, 30 feet |
North Shore, Oahu |
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| Uncommon on reefs but rarely seen due to the transparent body. About 1 inch long. Probably a
widespread Indo-Pacific species. |
Periclimenes imperator
IMPERIAL SHRIMP
Periclimenes soror
Pyramid Rock, Oahu, 80 feet
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Kahe Point, Oahu, 30 feet |
Kahe Point, Oahu, 25 feet
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Kewalo, Oahu, 25 feet |
Kewalo, Oahu, 65 feet
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100 ft. Hole, Waikiki, Oahu, 85 feet |
Kewalo Hump, Oahu, 90 feet
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Kewalo Hump, Oahu, 90 feet |
Kewalo Hump, Oahu, 90 feet
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Kewalo Hump, Oahu, 90 feet |
Kewalo Hump, Oahu, 90 feet |
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SEA STAR SHRIMP
| Common as pairs under various Sea Stars.
Color usually matches the host. About 1/4 inch long. |
Pontonides
sp.
Haleiwa Beach, Oahu, 25 feet |
Haleiwa Beach, Oahu, 25 feet |
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BARRED WIRE CORAL SHRIMP
| Uncommon on Wire Corals.
Difficult to spot among the wire coral's
tentacles. About 1/4 inch. |
Periclimenes
galene?
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 35 feet |
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 75 feet |
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HYDROID SHRIMP
| A small transparent shrimp on
the stinging hydroid Pennaria
disticha. About 1 inch. |
Alpheus lottini
Sharkfin, Lana'i, 30 feet |
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CAULIFLOWER CORAL SHRIMP
Alpheus rapax
Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 3 feet |
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HAWAIIAN
GOBY SHRIMP
Alpheus deuteropus
Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii, 10 feet |
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PETROGLYPH SHRIMP
Alpheus sp. cf. pacificus
Kapoho Point, Oahu, Intertidal |
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SNAPPING SHRIMP
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Snapping shrimps, members of the Family Alpheidae, are
abundant under rocks and in reef crevices but rarely seen. They
use the enlarged claw for communication, producing a loud pop.
Combined pops from several shrimp may sound like food in a frying
pan.
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Parhippolyte
mistica
Sharkfin, Lana'i, 25 feet |
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PEPPERMINT
SHRIMP
| Restricted to caves and dark caverns at scattered localities in
Hawaii. About 3 inches long. |
Saron marmoratus
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu 20 feet |
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 20 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 3 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 3 feet |
Kaupo tidepool, Oahu
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Kaupo tidepool, Oahu |
Kaupo tidepool, Oahu
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MARBLED SHRIMP
| Common on shallow reefs at night with golden eyes.
Color varies from green to reddish brown. Males have long arms. |
Saron neglectus
 Electric
Beach, Oahu, 35 feet |
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EYESPOT SHRIMP
| Rarely found or mistaken as juvenile Marbled Shrimp. Has a pair
of eye-spots on the abdomen. Attains 2 inches. |
Cinetorhynchus hawaiiensis
Puako, Hawaii, 35 feet |
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HAWAIIAN HINGE-BEAK SHRIMP
| Endemic to Hawaii. Common in Finger
Corals at night. Dark spot on each side of abdomen. About
1 inch. |
Cinetorhynchus hendersoni
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 20 feet |
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HENDERSON'S HINGE-BEAK SHRIMP
| Occasional along ledges at night. Legs are banded. About 2
inches. |
Cinetorhynchus reticulatus
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 20 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 5 feet |
Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 5 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 5 feet |
Male, Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 5 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 5 feet |
Juvenile, Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 3 feet |
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RETICULATED HINGE-BEAK SHRIMP
| Common in coral-rich areas at night. About 3 inches.
Ranges from orange to blue-green. |
Cinetorhynchus concolor
Puako, Hawaii, 20 feet |
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UNIFORM
HINGE-BEAK SHRIMP
| Common in coral-rich areas
at night. Has broad bands on the carapace. About 2 inches. |
Rhynchocinetes rathbunae
Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, 4 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, 4 feet |
Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, 4 feet
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Moku O Loe, Kaneohe Bay, 4 feet |
Juvenile, Sharks Cove, Oahu, 30 feet |
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RATHBUN'S HINGE-BEAK SHRIMP
| Occasional on reefs in shallow water at night. About 3 inches. |
Rhynchocinetes (Midway discovery)
North Beach, Midway Atoll,
10 feet
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North Beach, Midway Atoll,
10 feet |
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MIDWAY
HINGE-BEAKED SHRIMP
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Unidentified species found at Midway in 1999;
similar to R. uritai in Japan. This species has solid red legs, not
banded brown & white. Rarely seen in small holes on shallow rubble
reefs in the lagoon and in caverns in the reef front. A single specimen
was trapped on 9/24/02 during the NOW-RAMP 2002 expedition.
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Palaemon
debilis
Kaloko, Oahu, 1 foot |
Kaloko, Oahu, 1 foot |
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FEEBLE SHRIMP
| Common in shallow, often brackish near-shore waters. About 1
inch long. |
Palaemon pacificus
Kaloko, Oahu, 1 foot |
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TIGER SHRIMP
| Inhabits shallow, often brackish near-shore waters.
Has numerous brown lines and white dots. Up to 2
inches. |
Family Penaeidae
Metapenaeopsis
hilarula
Punalu'u, Oahu, 6 feet |
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MINSTREL SHRIMP
| Occasionally spotted on night dives buried in sand.
Related to the edible shrimp from deep water. |
Family
Callianassidae
Mud Shrimps
Callianassa sp.
Lahaina, Maui, 3 feet |
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MUD SHRIMP
| Inhabit burrows in shallow water. Body is soft and vulnerable to predators.
About 2 inches. |
Neocallichirus
indicus
Kuliouou, Oahu, intertidal
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Kuliouou, Oahu, intertidal |
Kuliouou, Oahu, intertidal |
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MUD SHRIMP
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Inhabit burrows in shallow water. Body is soft and vulnerable to predators.
About 3 inches. Formerly known as Callianassa variabilis.
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Corallianassa borradailei
Hanauma Bay, Oahu, 3 feet |
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BORRADAILE'S GHOST SHRIMP
| Common in burrows among sand and rubble in shallow water. About
4 inches. |
HAWAIIAN FRESHWATER SHRIMPS
Halocaridina
rubra
Waikiki Aquarium
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Waikiki Aquarium |
Waikiki Aquarium |
Waikiki Aquarium
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Waikiki Aquarium
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ANCHIALINE POND SHRIMP
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Tiny (1/4 inch) red shrimp from brackish ponds on Maui &
Hawaii. Several species, restricted to certain localities. Anchialine pools are threatened by coastal development.
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Atyoidea bisulcata
DLNR Aquarium |
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NATIVE SHRIMP 'OPAE KALA'OLE
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Native of clear, undisturbed mountain streams.
Larvae develop in the ocean then migrate upstream.
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Macrobrachium grandimanus
Waikiki Aquarium |
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HAWAIIAN PRAWN
| The only native prawn among several alien species.
Inhabits the lower reaches of streams. |
INDO-PACIFIC
Periclimenes brevicarpalis
Wakatobi, Indonesia, 5 feet
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ANEMONE SHRIMP
| Found in anemones in the Indo-Pacific except Hawaii. About 1
inch. |
Periclimenes holthuisi
Wakatobi, Indonesia, 40 feet
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HOLTHUIS' CORAL SHRIMP
| Found on anemones and mushroom corals in the Indo-West Pacific. About 1 inch. |
Periclimenes tosaensis
Wakatobi, Indonesia, 40 feet
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TOSA CORAL SHRIMP
| Found on anemones and mushroom corals in the Indo-West Pacific. About 1 inch. |
NORTHEAST PACIFIC
Heptacarpus stylus
Spring Bay, Victoria, Canada, 20 feet
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STILETTO SHRIMP
| Found on kelp and surfgrass. Attains 2 inches. Color
variable. Alaska to Puget Sound. |
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