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Red Seaweeds
Division Rhodophyta
HAWAII
Acanthophora spicifera
Makapu'u Intertidal, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Introduced species abundant on shallow reefs. Stiff and prickly,
yellow to brown. |
Acanthophora pacifica
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 5 feet
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Sharks Cove, Oahu, 3 feet |
Sharks Cove, Oahu, 3 feet
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Firehouse, Oahu, 40 feet |
Kaupo Bay, Oahu, 4 feet
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Kaupo Bay, Oahu, 4 feet |
Makua, Oahu, 25 feet |
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| Locally common on wave-washed reefs in shallow water. |
Actinotrichia fragilis
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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| Uncommon in shallow water. Color and fine concentric rings are
distinctive. |
Ahnfeltiopsis concinna
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu
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Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Kaupulehu, Hawaii |
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| Common high on basalt shores exposed to waves. |
Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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| Common on basalt wave benches exposed to surf. |
Amansia glomerata
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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| Abundant as turfs in shaded areas in shallow water. Margins are
lined with tiny projections. |
Grateloupia phuquocensis
Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Common as turfs in shaded areas in shallow water. Margins are
not lined with tiny projections as in Amansia glomerata.
Red to brown. |
Amphiroa beauvoisii
Kahala, Oahu, 3 feet |
Kahala, Oahu, 3 feet |
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| Occasional on shallow reefs. Thin branches are heavily
calcified. |
Amphiroa valonioides
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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| Common in tidepools and wave benches. |
Asparagopsis taxiformis
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu
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Sharks Cove tidepool, Oahu |
Midway Atoll |
Kahe Point, Oahu, 20 feet |
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LIMU KOHU
| Abundant on reefs and benches to 30 feet. Color and stature
varies with habitat. Eaten finely chopped, salted, and formed into
balls. |
Bangia atropurpurea
Kahe Point, Oahu, 20 feet |
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| Occasional on reefs. Filaments are fine and straight. |
Neosiphonia sphaerocarpa
Portlock, Oahu
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Diamond Head, Oahu |
Diamond Head, Oahu |
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| Common in the intertidal zone. |
Botryocladia skottsbergii
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu
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Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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| Common in shaded areas exposed to surf at the low tide mark. |
Centroceras clavulatum
Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Common as turf in the intertidal & shallow subtidal.
Segmented branches have characteristic pincer-like tips. |
Dasya iridescens
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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| An iridescent species common in shallow water and tidepools. |
Galaxura filamentosa
Sharks Cove tidepool, Oahu
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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| Common in shallow water. Tips are coated with fine hairs. |
Dichotomaria marginata
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Sharks Cove, Oahu, Hawaii, 30 feet
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Sharks Cove tidepool, Oahu |
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| Common in shady areas in shallow water. Blades are flat and
calcified. |
Dichotomaria obtusata
Sharks Cove tidepool, Oahu |
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| Uncommon in shallow water. Constricted at the nodes. |
Tricleocarpa fragilis
 Sharks Cove,
Oahu, 25 feet |
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| Uncommon in at scuba depths. |
Galaxaura rugosa
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Sharks Cove tidepool, Oahu |
Wailupe, Oahu, 3 feet
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Wailupe, Oahu, 3 feet |
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| Abundant in shallow water. Stiff and cylindrical. Color
variable. |
Gibsmithia hawaiiensis
Sharks Cove, Oahu, 25 feet
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Sharks Cove, Oahu, 25 feet |
Sharks Cove, Oahu, 25 feet
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| Occasional at scuba depths. |
Gracilaria coronopifolia
Ft. Kamehameha, Oahu, 2 feet
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Ft. Kamehameha, Oahu, 2 feet |
Ft. Kamehameha, Oahu, 2 feet |
Cystocarps, Ft. Kamehameha, Oahu, 2 feet |
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LIMU MANAUEA Ogo
| Formerly common on shallow reefs but harvested intensively for many
years. Stipes are cylindrical and robust. |
Gracilaria salicornia
Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 3 feet
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Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 3 feet |
Wailupe, Oahu, 2 feet |
Wailupe, Oahu, 2 feet |
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GORILLA SEAWEED
| An introduced pest becoming widespread and overgrowing shallow reefs
where it occurs. |
Haloplegma duperreyi
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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| Locally abundant in shaded vertical areas in shallow water.
Becomes loaded with silt. |
Halymenia sp.
Kahe Point, Oahu, 20 feet
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Kaupo, Oahu, 6 feet |
Makua, Oahu, 25 feet |
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| A large yellow to reddish brown species seasonally common at scuba
depths. Arises from a single holdfast and has dissected margins.
An undescribed species formerly identified as H. formosa. |
Hypnea chordacea
Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Common on rocks in the intertidal & shallow subtidal as a
turf-forming species.. |
Hypnea musciformis
Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Locally abundant on rocks or epiphytic on seaweed in shallow
water. Color variable. Illegally introduced to Hawaii from
Florida for a failed aquaculture project. |
Haliptilon subulatum
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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| Uncommon in tidepools and shallow water. |
Jania pumila
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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| Common in tidepools and wave benches. |
Kappaphycus spp.
Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 4 feet |
Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 4 feet |
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| A robust alien species that forms thickets over coral in Kaneohe Bay,
Oahu. In the tropics this genus is farmed to produce kappa-carrageenan. |
Laurencia majuscula
Kaupo, Oahu, 8 feet |
Kaupo, Oahu, 8 feet |
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Laurencia yamadana
Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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Laurencia mcdermidiae
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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| Common on wave benches exposed to wave action. |
Laurencia sp.
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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| Several similar species are common in shallow water, tidepools, and
wave benches. |
Chondrophycus parvipapillatus
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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| Common in shaded areas on rocky shores exposed to wave action. |
Ganonema pinnatum
 Kewalo
Pipe, Oahu, 50 feet
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Kewalo Pipe, Oahu, 50 feet |
Kewalo
Pipe, Oahu, 50 feet |
Kewalo
Pipe, Oahu, 50 feet |
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| Occasional on reefs at scuba depths. |
Liagora perennis
Kaupo, Oahu, 8 feet
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Diamond Head, Oahu |
Diamond Head, Oahu
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Diamond Head, Oahu |
Diamond Head, Oahu |
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| Occasional on shallow reefs exposed to surge. |
Liagora albicans
Kahe Point, Oahu, 30 feet |
Kahe Point, Oahu, 30 feet |
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| Locally abundant at scuba depths. Lightly calcified. |
Martensia fragilis
Kaupo Bay, Oahu, 3 feet
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Kaupo Bay, Oahu, 3 feet |
Kaupo Bay, Oahu, 3 feet
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Kaupo Bay, Oahu, 3 feet |
Ma'ili Point, Oahu, 2 feet |
Ma'ili Point, Oahu, 2 feet |
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| Iridescent blades delicate and thin. Meshwork when present occupying
outer part of blade, often with alternating rings of tissue, margins
dissected. May be an undescribed species. |
Martensia flabelliformis
Waimea Bay, Oahu, 40 feet
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Firehouse, Oahu, 40 feet |
Firehouse, Oahu, 40 feet
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Firehouse, Oahu, 40 feet |
Makapu'u, Oahu, 15 feet |
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| Stiff orange blades with meshwork, when present, comprising all except
the base, margin entire not dissected. |
Portieria hornemanni
Sharks Cove tidepool, Oahu
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Sharks Cove, Oahu, 30 feet |
Makua, Oahu, 25 feet |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Common in shaded areas of rocks & reefs in shallow water exposed
to surge. Branch tips are recurved and has a strong scent. |
Plocamium sandvicense
Sharks Cove, Oahu, 3 feet |
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| Uncommon on vertical surfaces exposed to wave action. Branch
tips are not recurved and lacks scent. |
Hydrolithon gardineri
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu
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Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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Hydrolithon onkodes
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu
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Hanauma Bay, Oahu, 15 feet |
Black Point, Oahu |
Lana'i Lookout, Oahu |
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| Coast surface of hard substrate and rubble in shallow water. |
Hydrolithon reinboldii
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Abundant as nodules in shallow water exposed to wave action. |
Sporolithon spp.
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Abundant as nodules in shallow water exposed to wave action. |
Peyssonnelia spp.
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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| Common on hard surfaces and under stones in shallow water. |
Lithophyllum sp.
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu
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Hanauma Bay, Oahu, 20 feet |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu
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Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
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| Common, forming nodular crusts in shallow water exposed to wave
action. |
Mesophyllum mesomorphum
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu
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Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Makapu'u intertidal, Oahu |
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 50 feet |
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| Common in shaded areas in shallow water. |
Predaea weldii
Haleiwa Trench, Oahu, 50 feet |
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| Seasonally common at scuba depths. Semi-transparent and
gelatinous. |
Gelidiella machrisiana
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
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| Abundant in tidepools and benches forming thick mats. |
Gelidiella acerosa
Kaupo, Oahu, 6 feet |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Common on shallow reefs. Similar to Pterocladiella
caerulescens. |
Pterocladiella caerulescens
Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Abundant on rock in the intertidal & shallow subtidal. Color
varies from red to greenish-black. |
Pterocladiella capillacea
Sharks Cove tidepool, Oahu |
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| Abundant on basalt at the water's edge. An important food of
Green Sea Turtles. |
Rhodymenia leptophylla
 Black
Point, Oahu |
 Black
Point, Oahu
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Black Point, Oahu |
Black Point, Oahu |
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| Common on shaded surfaces & under stones in the intertidal &
shallow subtidal. Lacks pinnate growth form of Pterocladiella
caerulescens. |
Titanophora pikeana
Kahe Point, Oahu, 20 feet
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| Uncommon in shaded areas in shallow water. Expands to form broad
blades. |
Tolypiocladia glomerulata
Kahe Point, Oahu, 20 feet |
Kahe Point, Oahu, 20 feet |
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| Common attached to other seaweeds. About 1/2 tall. |
Trichogloea reiquienii
Kewalo, Oahu, 3 feet |
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| A limp, slippery species found on shallow reefs. |
Wrangelia elegantissima
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Ka'a'awa, Oahu, 3 feet |
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NORTHEAST PACIFIC
Bossiella sp.
Ogden Point, Victoria, Canada
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Ogden Point, Victoria, Canada |
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| Common in the shallow subtidal. |
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