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Family Kuhliidae
Flagtails
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Flagtails are nocturnal and school in
dark holes and breakwaters during the day. Juveniles are common in tidepools,
bays, and brackish water.
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HAWAII
Kuhlia xenura
Sharks Cove, Oahu, 20 feet
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Hanauma Bay, Oahu, 5 feet |
Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Juvenile, Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu
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Juvenile, Makapu'u tidepool, Oahu |
Palea Point, Oahu, 20 feet
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Cargo Pier, Midway Atoll, 25 feet |
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| Common name |
HAWAIIAN FLAGTAIL |
| Hawaiian name |
Aholehole |
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| Habitat |
Schooling by day in dark holes of rocky reefs and seawalls; young in
tidal pools and brackish water |
| Depth |
30 feet or less |
| Diet |
Planktonic crustaceans, polychaetes, some algae |
| Size |
11.5 inches |
| Abundance |
Common |
| Distribution |
Endemic to the Hawaiian Islands |
| Notes |
Until 2001 this fish was known as K. sandvicensis, another
valid Indo-Pacific species that was described in Hawaii but mistaken for
K. marginata, a valid freshwater species not found in Hawaii.
Kuhlia
sandvicensis is rare in Hawaii and is best distinguished by having
smaller eyes that are round rather than elliptical, deeper body, bright
silver lacking olive-colored stains, and distinct wavy lines atop the
head.
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INDO-PACIFIC
Kuhlia mugil
Sliding Rock tidepool, American Samoa
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| Common name |
BARRED FLAGTAIL |
| Japanese |
Gin-yugoi |
| Mexican |
Cola de bandera |
| Samoan |
Safole |
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| Habitat |
Schooling by day in dark holes of rocky reefs and seawalls; young in
tidal pools and brackish water |
| Depth |
15 feet or less |
| Diet |
Planktonic crustaceans and small fishes |
| Size |
15.5 inches, usually 8 inches or less |
| Abundance |
Common |
| Distribution |
Indo-Pacific, Tropical Eastern Pacific, and Red Sea, excluding Hawaii |
| Notes |
Introduced but never became established in Hawaii |
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