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Updated 4/17/2020

Family Terapontidae

Grunters

INDO-PACIFIC

Terapon jarbua

CRESCENT-BANDED GRUNTER

 

 

Family Sciaenidae

Drums & Croakers

Drums & croakers are notable for sounds produced by muscles attached to the swim bladder.  They feed upon fishes or invertebrates and are especially prolific over soft bottoms and estuaries.  They are an important component of the subsistence diet.  Common in warm seas & temperate around the world, none are present in Hawaii.

EASTERN PACIFIC

Cheilotrema saturnum

BLACK CROAKER, juvenile

 

Cheilotrema saturnum

BLACK CROAKER

 

TROPICAL WESTERN ATLANTIC

Equetus punctatus

SPOTTED DRUM, Juvenile

Equetus punctatus

SPOTTED DRUM, Adult

 

Pareques acuminatus

HIGH-HAT