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Family
Acanthuridae
Unicornfishes
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Unicornfishes differ from Tangs since
they have a pair of fixed, forward curved spines on the caudal
peduncle. Several members of this group develop a large horn on
the forehead but its function is unclear. They feed upon algae or
zooplankton and may exceed 2 feet in length.
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HAWAII
Naso annulatus
Maui Ocean Center
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Maui Ocean Center |
Maui Ocean Center |
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WHITEMARGIN UNICORNFISH
| Rare except in deep water along dropoffs. Up to 40 inches.
Hawaii & the Indo-Pacific. |
Naso brevirostris
Peek-a-boo, Midway, 30 feet
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Sea Life Park, Hawaii |
Kahe Point, Oahu, 35 feet
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Kahe Point, Oahu, 35 feet |
Maui Ocean Center |
Peek-a-boo, Midway, 30 feet |
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PALETAIL UNICORNFISH
KALA LOLO Tsumari-tenguhagi
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Fairly common in deeper water exposed to current.
Pale tail with dark base; small paired caudal spines. Elongate body (and horn on large adults).
Various dark markings on large adults. Juveniles gray with white tail.
Up to 24 inches. Hawaii, Indo-Pacific, Galapagos. |
Naso unicornis
Hanauma Bay, Oahu, 40 feet
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Juvenile, Sharks Cove, Oahu, 20 feet |
Postlarvae, Midway Atoll, from Tuna stomach |
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BLUESPINE UNICORNFISH
KALA Tenguhagi
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Common in shallow water. Up to 30 inches. Two large blue spines on the caudal peduncle; body olive.
Feeds upon leafy seaweed. Hawaii & the Indo-Pacific
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HORNLESS
UNICORNFISHES
Naso lituratus
Hanauma Bay, Oahu, 20 feet
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Hanauma Bay, Oahu, 40 feet |
Hanauma Bay, Oahu, 25 feet |
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ORANGESPINE UNICORNFISH
UMAUMALEI Miyako-tenguhagi
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Common in shallow water. Two large orange spines on caudal peduncle.
Feeds upon leafy seaweed. Males have elongated caudal rays. Up
to 18 inches. Hawaii, Australia, Japan, & tropical Pacific.
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Naso hexacanthus
Waikiki Aquarium
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Sharkfin, Lana'i, 40 feet |
Fish Hole, Midway, 30 feet
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Portlock, Oahu, 25 feet |
Portlock, Oahu, 25 feet |
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SLEEK UNICORNFISH
OPELU KALA, KALA HOLO Tenguhagi-modoki
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Forms large schools in deep water exposed to current.
No horn present. Blue tail with brown trailing edge; two reduced caudal
spines. Up to 30 inches. Hawaii & the Indo-Pacific,
Clipperton, and Cocos Island. |
Naso maculatus
Juvenile, Angel Ledge, Midway, 80 feet |
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SPOTTED UNICORNFISH
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Rare in small groups in deep water exposed to current. No horn present.
Gray to olive green with dark spots
overall; two reduced caudal
spines. Up to 24 inches. Hawaii, Japan, Lord Howe Island,
New Caledonia.
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INDO-PACIFIC
Naso vlamingii
Wakatobi, Indonesia
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Wakatobi, Indonesia
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Night,
Wakatobi, Indonesia
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BIGNOSE UNICORNFISH
| Locally common along dropoffs exposed to current. Attains 22
inches. Indo-Pacific. |
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